Objective: Many neuroscientists through out the world are trying to access the transplantation of different kinds of cells and tissues as a proper and effective treatment strategy in the nervous system. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of transplantation of BMSC (Bone marrow stromal cell) on central nervous system repair using gel foam in hemisectioned spinalcard rats.

Materials & Methods: Simple rendomize selected rats suffering of L4 – L6 Spinal cord hemisection lesion, were devided into five groups. The first group was as control, the spinal cord of the other groups were hemisectioned. The second group received no treatment, the third group received a gel foam implant only, In the fourth group after implantation of gel foam, BMSC were injected locally into the lesion area and in the fifth group a combination of gel foam and BMSC was implanted. The BMSC obtained from young rat bone. BBB (Basoo, Beattie, Bresnahan) test was done at the end of first day, 1st, 2ed, 3rd, 4 th and 5th weeks after surgery.

Results: The L4-L6 Segments were prepared for neural cell count quantitative results of both procedures showed significant differences comparing two treated groups with the second and third groups. The results indicated that BMSC could improve spinal cord injury. Conclusion: It may concluded that this method could improve the spinal cord motor function after injury and gel foam acts as a scaffold to colonize the BMSC at the lesion site.